NEET 2025 Exam Date, Eligibility, Application Process, Pattern, Detailed Syllabus and Strategy

Application Process Begins

February (First Week) 2025

Application Deadline

February (expected) 2025

Admit Card Release

April 2025

NEET 2025 Exam Date

May (first week) 2025

Registration for NEET 2025

Create an account on the official NTA website. Ensure you have a valid email address and mobile number for registration and future communication.

Completing the Application

Provide all necessary details, including academic qualifications, personal information, and exam preferences. Carefully review the information before submitting to avoid errors.

Uploading Images

Upload scanned copies of your passport-sized photograph and signature. Ensure the images adhere to the specified format and size requirements.

Payment of Application Fee

Pay the application fee online using a debit/credit card, net banking, or UPI. Retain the payment confirmation for future reference.

Printing the NEET Application

After submission, download and print a copy of the completed application form. This serves as a record of your application details.

NEET 2025 Admit Card

Receive your admit card (hall ticket) closer to the exam date. This document contains exam details and serves as your entry pass to the test center. Download and print the admit card for future reference.

Stay Updated

Regularly visit the official NTA website for the latest announcements and updates regarding NEET 2025. Stay informed about any changes or important information.

Important Tip

Gather all required documents (e.g., mark sheets, photo ID) beforehand to ensure a smooth application process.

Bachelor of Medicine and a Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS)

5.5 years

Bachelor of Dental Surgery

5.5 years

Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery

5.5 years

Bachelor of Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery

5.5 years

Bachelor of Naturopathy and Yoga Sciences

5.5 years

Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery

5.5 years

Bachelor of Siddha Medicine and Surgery

5.5 years

Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry

5.5 years

Bachelor of Physiotherapy

4 years

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

4 years

Educational Qualification

Must have passed Class 12 from a recognized board with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as mandatory subjects.

Minimum Marks Requirement

The National Testing Agency (NTA) might introduce a minimum marks requirement in its official notification for NEET 2025

Age Limit

Must be at least 17 years old by December 31, 2024.

No Upper Age Limit

There is no upper age limit to appear for NEET.

Number of Attempts

There is no restriction on the number of attempts for NEET.

Physics

50

180

Chemistry

50

180

Botany

50

180

Zoology

50

180

Total

200

720

Units of Measurements

System of Units, S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, significant figures, Errors in measurements, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications

Kinematics

Frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position-time graph, speed and velocity, Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector, Relativ

Laws of Motion

Force and inertia, Newton's First law of motion, Momentum, Newton's Second Law of motion, Impulses, Newton's Third Law of motion, Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, Equilibrium of concurrent forces, Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, Dynamics of uniform circular motion, centripetal force and its applications: vehicle on a level circular road, vehicle on a banked road.

Work, Energy, and Power

Work done by a constant force and a variable force, Kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power, The potential energy of spring, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative forces, Motion in a vertical circle, Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Rotational Motion

Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body, Basic concepts of rotational motion, moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications, The moment of inertia, the radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, and their applications, Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions

Gravitation

The universal law of gravitation, Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth, Kepler's law of planetary motion, Gravitational potential energy, gravitational potential, Escape velocity, Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period and energy of satellite.

Properties of Solids and Liquids

Oscillations and periodic motion - time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time, Periodic functions, Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase, oscillations of a spring - restoring force and force constant, energy in S.H.M. - Kinetic and potential energies, Simple pendulum - derivation of expression for its time period, Wave motion, Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of travelling wave, Displacement relation for a progressive wave, Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats.

Electrostatics

Electric charges: Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution, Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines, Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole, Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field, Electric flux, Gauss's law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell, Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges, potential difference, Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field, conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitances, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, Energy stored in a capacitor.

Current Electricity

Electric current, Drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current, Ohm's law, Electrical resistance, V-I characteristics of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors, Electrical energy and power, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Series and parallel combinations of resistors, Temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel, Kirchhoff's laws and their applications, Wheatstone bridge, Metre Bridge.

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop, Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid, Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, the force between two parallel currents carrying conductors-definition of ampere, Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field, Moving coil galvanometer, its sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter, Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis, Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field, para- dia- and ferromagnetic substances with examples, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law, Induced emf and current, Lenz's Law, Eddy currents, Self and mutual inductance, Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage, reactance and impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, power in AC circuits, wattless current, AC generator and transformer.

Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current, Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.

Optics

Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, Refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, thin lens formula and lens maker formula, Total internal reflection and its applications, Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of thin lenses in contact, Refraction of light through a prism, Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers, Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle, Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle, Interference, Young's double-slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light, Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum, Polarization, plane-polarized light: Brewster's law, uses of plane-polarized light and Polaroid.

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation: particle nature of light, Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation.

Atoms and Nuclei

Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford's model of atom, Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, Mass-energy relation, mass defect, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion.

Electronic Devices

Semiconductors, semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier, I-V characteristics of LED, the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator, Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).

Experimental Skills

Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities: Vernier calipers-its use to measure the internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel, Screw gauge-its use to determine thickness/diameter of thin sheet/wire, Simple pendulum-dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between the square of amplitude and time, Metre Scale - the mass of a given object by the principle of moments, Young's modulus of elasticity of the material of a metallic wire, Surface tension of water by capillary rise and effect of detergents, Coefficient of Viscosity of a given viscous liquid by measuring terminal velocity of a given spherical body, Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube, Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and (ii) liquid by method of mixtures, The resistivity of the material of a given wire using a metre bridge, The resistance of a given wire using Ohm's law, Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method, The focal length of; (i) Convex mirror (ii) Concave mirror, and (iii) Convex lens, using the parallax method, The plot of the angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism.

Physical Chemistry

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element, and compound; Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae; Chemical equations and stoichiometry.

Atomic Structure

Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom; Bohr model of a hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie's relationship; Heisenberg uncertainty principle; Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom, its important features; Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions; Variation of Ψ and Ψ² with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; Various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; Shapes of s, p, and d - orbitals; Electron spin and spin quantum number; Rules for filling electrons in orbitals - Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle, and Hund's rule; Electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Kossel - Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds; Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy; Covalent Bonding: concept of electronegativity, Fajan's rule, dipole moment; Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules; Valence bond theory - its important features, the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance; Molecular orbital Theory - Its important features, LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy; Elementary idea of metallic bonding, Hydrogen bonding and its applications.

Chemical Thermodynamics

Fundamentals of thermodynamics: system and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes; The first law of thermodynamics - concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess's law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization, and solution; The second law of thermodynamics - Spontaneity of processes: ΔS of the universe and ΔS of the system as criteria for spontaneity; ΔG (Standard Gibbs free energy change) and equilibrium constant.

Solutions

Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution - morarity, molarity, more fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult's law - Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure - composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions; colligative properties of dilute solutions - a relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression or freezing point, the elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure; determination of molar mass using colligative properties; Abnormal uutr"* of solutions and its significance.

Equilibrium

Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium; Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid-gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry's law, General characteristics of equilibrium, effect of pressure, concentration, temperature, the effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier's principle; Ionic equilibrium: acids and bases (including ionization of water, pH scale, common ion effect, solubility equilibria, buffer solutions, and titrations; Concepts of acids and bases: Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis; ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, concept of pH scale.

Redox Reactions

Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions, oxidation-reduction potentials; Electrochemical cells and cell reactions, EMF of a galvanic cell and its measurement; Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Galvanic cells and their representation, standard electrode potential, Gibbs' energy change and cell potential, Factors affecting the electrode potential, electrolytic conductance, specific and molar conductivity, Kohlrausch's law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell - electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator; EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells.

Inorganic Chemistry

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Modern periodic law and present form of the periodic table; s, p, d, and f block elements- periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity.Modern periodic law and present form of the periodic table; s, p, d, and f block elements- periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity.

P-Block Elements

General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behavior of the first element in each group.

d and f-Block Elements

Transition Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first row transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, color, catalytic behavior, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation: Preparation, properties, and uses of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4. Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids-Electronic configuration, oxidation states, and lanthanoid contraction. Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states.

Coordination Compounds

Introduction to coordination compounds, Werner's theory; ligands, coordination number, denticity, chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds; isomerism: Bonding, Valence bond approach, and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, color and magnetic properties; Importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems).

Organic Chemistry

Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds

Purification - Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, and chromatography - principles and their applications; Qualitative analysis - Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, and halogens.

Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

Tetravalency of carbon; Shapes of simple molecules - hybridization (s and p); Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: - C = C - , - C º C - and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; Homologous series; Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism.

Hydrocarbons

Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions. Alkanes - Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane); Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes. Alkenes - Geometric isomerism: cis-trans isomerism (but-2-ene); Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov's addition and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis, oxidation, and polymerization. Alkynes - Acidic character of alkynes; Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, and hydrogen halides; Polymerization. Aromatic hydrocarbons - Nomenclature, benzene - structure and aromaticity; Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel - Crafts alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene.

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses. Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic acids, and their derivatives.

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses. Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. Cyanides and Isocyanides - will be mentioned at relevant places. Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions, and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

Polymers

Classification - natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization.

Biomolecules

Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D and L configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates. Proteins - Elementary idea of α - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins' primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; Enzymes. Vitamins - Classification and functions. Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Chemicals in medicines - analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines; Chemicals in food - preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants; Cleansing agents - soaps and detergents, cleansing action.

Diversity in Living World

What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification;: Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomic hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature Five kingdom classification; salient features and classification of Monera: Protista and Fungi into major groups: Lichens; Viruses and Viroids. Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category) Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to class level (three to five salient features and at least two examples)

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and racemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, compositae, graminae). Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (Frog). (Brief account only)

Cell Structure and Function

Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles- structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus. Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action, classification and nomenclature of enzymes. B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.

Plant Physiology

Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient. Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators- auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA.

Human Physiology

Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes: Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function: Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation: Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure. Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and function; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney. Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, flagellar, muscular: Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction: Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis. Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout. Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves: Nervous system in humans central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system: Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid. Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea), Role of hormones. as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goitre, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes. Addison's disease). (Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief)

Reproduction

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure: Development of male and female gametophytes: Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices: Pollen-Pistil interaction: Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit, Special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems: Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary: Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation: Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea). Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods. Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis: Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies - IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

Genetics and Evolution

Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy: Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down's syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes. Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging: DNA replication: Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation: Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon: Genome and human genome project: DNA fingerprinting, protein biosynthesis.Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence): Darwin's contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution: Mechanism of evolution- Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift: Hardy-Weinberg's principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution. 

Biology and Human Welfare

. Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm, dengue, chikungunya); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse,Tobacco abuse. Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

Ecology and Environment

Organisms and environment Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism. Population attributes-growth. birth rate and death rate, age distribution. Ecosystem: Pattems, components; productivity and decomposition. Energy flow: Pyramids of numbers, biomass energy, Biodiversity and its conservation: concept of Biodiversity; patterns of Biodiversity, Importance of Biodiversity. Loss of Biodiversity Biodiversity conservation. Hotspots, Endangered Organisms extinction, Red Data Book, Biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries, and Sacred Groves.

Biotechnology and its Applications

Principles and process of Biotechnology Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology). Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, Genes therapy; Genetically modified :organisms-Bt crops: Transgenic Animals Biosafety issues-Biopiracy; and patents

Physics

Concepts of Physics by H.C. Verma

Fundamentals of Physics by Halliday, Resnick, and Walker.

Objective Physics for NEET by DC Pandey

Problems in General Physics by I.E. Irodov

Understanding Physics for JEE Main & Advanced Mechanics Part 1 by D.C. Pandey

Chemistry

Physical Chemistry by O.P. Tandon

Organic Chemistry by Morrison and Boyd

Concise Inorganic Chemistry by J.D. Lee

Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations by R.C. Mukherjee

GRB Physical Chemistry for NEET by Dr. O.P. Tandon

Biology

NCERT Biology textbooks (Class 11 and 12).

Biology Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 by Trueman.

Objective Biology by Dinesh.

Objective NCERT at Your Fingertips for NEET-AIIMS - Biology.

GRB Bathla's Publications for Biology for NEET by Dr. Ali

MBBS

1,00,000 - 1,10,000

BDS

25,000 - 30,000

AYUSH

50,000 - 55,000

AIIMS MBBS

1,800 - 2,000

JIPMER MBBS

200 - 250