Investment ka naam hum sabne suna hai. Aur kaafiyon ne to invest karna shuru kar bhi diya hai. Magar hum me se kayin aise log hain jo is confusion me rehte hain ki aakhir invest kare to kare kahan.
Jaisa ki humne iss article me discuss kara hai, Invest karne ka seedha saadha matlab hota hai kisi cheez me apna time, money, and resources lagana taaki future me hume ussey kisi tarah ka profit ho sake.
Iss article me hum samjhenge ki:
Invest karne ke kaun kaun se options hote hain?
- Mutual Funds: Mutual fund ek aisi company hoti hai ko multiple investors se paisa ikattha karke alag alag investment options me vo paisa invest karti hai. Yeh ek tarah ka common fund hota hai jisme investors contribute karte hain. Yeh fund professionals manage karte hain jo ye funds diversify karte hain. Issey aap khud ye investment manage nahi karte balki ek aise professional ke haath me yeh responsibility dete hain taaki aapko zyada se zyada benefit ho sake.
- Stocks: Kisi bhi company jab hum invest karte hain, to stocks ya shares ke through karte hain. Companies ke stocks khareedne par hume us company ka ek hissa alot hota hai aur hum uske part-owner ban jaate hain. Fir jo amount humne invest karke stocks khareede hote hai, use hum bech kar profit kama sakte hain. Stocks sab options me se sabse zyada risky option hote hain magar inme jo return hota hai, vo sabse zyada milne ke chances hote hain.
- FD: Iss investment option me hum ek fixed amount fixed period of time ke liye invest karte hain. FD me jitne time period ke liye amount invest kara hota hai, vo lock ho jata hai. As in, aap vo samay khatam hone se pehle ya FD mature hone tek vo amount nahi nikaal sakte. Har bank apne customers ko unki FD par ek interest provide karta hai. Yeh interest principal amount me kuch intervals me add hota jata hai. FD ka interest fixed rehta hai aur guaranteed hota hai. Issey risk bilkul minimize ho jaata hai. FD mature hone par principal ke sath jitna bhi interest usme add hua hai, vo FD owner ko vapas mil jata hai.
- RD: Recurring Deposits me hum ek fixed interval par (jaise har mahine) ek amount daalte hain ek fixed time period ke liye. Yahi basic difference hai FD aur RD me ki aap sara amount ek sath invest nahi karte. RD mature hone par FD ki tarah hi aapko principal + interest milta hai. RDs ka ek aur faayda yeh hota hai ki aapki regularly save karne ki aadat bhi banti hai.
- Government Schemes: Government ne aisi kuch insurance schemes launch ki hai jinme hum invest karke apni financial journey aasan bana sakte hain aur insurance paa sakte hain.
- Provident Fund: Provident Fund government dwara provided ek social security savings scheme hai jo employees ke liye kaafi useful hoti hai. Is scheme me employees har mahine apne future ke liye paisa jamaa kar sakte hain.
Provident Fund 2 types ka hota hai:- PPF: Public Provident Fund
- EPF: Employee Provident Fund
PPF: Is scheme me aap har saal apni income ka ek part save karte hain jispar aapko yearly ek interest milta hai. PPF account kholne ke liye aapko sirf Rs. 100 ki zaroorat hoti hai. Magar deposit karne ka per year minimum amount Rs. 500 hota hai jisko aap saal me ek sath ya fir monthly instalments me bhi bhar sakte ho.
PPF ka lock-in period 15 saal hai jisey aap mature hone ke baad 5-5 saal ke intervals me, with or without contributions, extend kara sakte hain. Iss extended period me aapko partial withdrawal ki facility provide kari jaati hai. Aur to aur, aap PPF ke against loans bhi le sakte hain.
Lastly, PPF post office ya banks me khulawaya jaa sakta hai.EPF: EPF EPFO (Employees’ Provident Fund Organization) manage karti hai. Isme amount bharne ke liye zaroori hai aap organized sector me kaam kar rahe hain. Yaani, aapki company me 20 se zyada employees hone zaroori hain. EPF ke under aapko aur aapke employer ko aapki basic salary + Dearness Allowance ka 12% each, har mahine, jama karate hain.
Lastly, EPF me employment khatam hone ke 1 mahine baad aap 75% amount aur 2 mahine baad (agar aap 2 mahine tak unemployed hain tab) aap poora amount withdraw kar sakte hain.
Dono PPF aur EPF par tax se exempted hain yaani ki aapko inpar nahi bharna padta.
Magar, isme kuch conditions hoti hain.
PPF ke liye yeh sirf Rs. 1.5 lakh ki savings ek saal me valid hai. Aur EPF ke case me agar aap account khulne ke 5 saal poore hone se pehle amount withdraw karte hain, to aapko tax bharna padta hai. Also, naye rules ke according, Rs. 2.5 lakhs se oopar ke EPF amount par aapko tax bharna padega. Agar bas aap, yaani employee, hi EPF amount bhar rahe hain aur koi employer EPF me paisa jamaa nahi kar rahe hai, to yeh amount Rs. 5 lakhs ho jaega.
Kaunsa Investment Option sabse best hai?
Truth be told, kaunsa investment option hamare liye best hota hai ye person to person depend karta hai. Kuch cheezein jo is judgement ko define karti hain vo ye hain:
- – Aapki age
- – Kitna amount aap invest karna chahte hain
- – Aapki risk taking capacity kitni hai
- – Kitne time ke liye aap invest karna chahte hain
- – Aapke paas kitna amount hai
- – Kitna debt hai aapke upar
Vaise to har investment option aapko kisi na kisi tarah se benefit karta hai, magar kis kis me aapko invest karna hai yeh aapko in sab factors ko dhyan me rakh kar hi decide karna hai. Aap chaahe to chhote amount se shuruaat kar sakte hai aur chaahe to experiment karke bhi dekh sakte hain.
