Credit card our Debit card ka naam hum sabne suna hoga aur inse related confusion bhi hum sabko kabhi na kabhi zaroor hui hogi. Aaj un sari confusions ko hum thoda sa door karenge.
Aaj, is article me, hum ye sare topics cover karenge:
Debit aur Credit transaction kya hota hai?
Agar aap apne bank account se paisa nikaalte hain ya fir kahin apne bank account se pay karte hain – toh us transaction ko ‘Debit’ kaha jaata hai. Agar aap apne account mein paise jama karte hain ya koi aapke account mein paise jama karta hai us transaction ko ‘Credit’ kaha jaata hai.
Debit card kya Hota hai and uska use kya hota hai?
Bank mein account khulwane pe bank aapko ek card jaari karta hai jis se aap apne account se paise kharch kar sakte hain – ATM se paisa nikaal sakte hain, kahin card machine mein pay kar sakte hain ya online pay kar sakte hain. Isi card ko Debit card (aur ATM card bhi) kaha jaata hai. Is card ke zariye, aap apne account mein jitna paisa hai kewal utna hi kharch kar sakte hain/ cash nikaal sakte hain. Har koi jo bank mein account khulwata hai usko bank ek debit card deti hai.
Credit card kya hota hai and uska use kya hota hai?
Credit card ek postpaid card ke jaisa hota hai. Is ke jariye aap kharcha aaj kar sakte hain and bill baad mein bhar sakte hain. Isko Buy Now and Pay Later (BNPL) bhi kehte hain. Har Credit card ka ek billing period rehta hai aur us date ke andar bill settle karna hota hail late hone pe interest aur penalty lagta hai. Har credit card ka ek limit bhi hota hai (jaise ki INR 1L ka limit), and customer maximum us limit tak ka kharcha kar sakta hai ek billing period mein.
Ye card bhi banks aur kuch financial companies issue karti hain – lekin kewal un customers ko jinka credit score acha hota hai ya fir jinka bank ke saath relationship hota hai. Isiliye har kisiko credit card nahi milta hai. In fact, India mein kewal 3% logon ke paas credit cards hain.
Debit and Credit cards me Differences
Point 1: Debit aur Credit card me Basic Difference
Jaisa ki humein pata hai, Debit card se transaction karne par, amount aapke Savings account se extract hota hai aur iske liye aapke Savings account me utna amount hona zaroori hai. On the other hand, because Credit card me hum Buy Now Pay Later karte hain, to zaroori nahi hai hamaare savings account me utna amount ho. Jo aap amount kharch karte hain, credit card use karte samay, vo aapke Credit card ki limit ke according hota hai.
Also, jab aap yeh amount pay kar dete hain, aapke credit card ki limit restore, yaani fir se vapas, ho jaati hai. Agar aapko limit se zyada ka single payment karna ho to aap apne Credit card account me amount deposit (ya add) kar sakte hai jissey aapki us time ki limit increase ho jaati hai and aap higher amount transact kar sakte hain.
Limit kaafi saare factors par depend karti hai: Age, Bank ke sath aapki relationship yani aapka credit score jiske baare me hum aage discuss karenge, Aapki income ya salary, etc.
Point 2: Interest/ Penalty
Debit card ke transaction par koi interest (byaaz) nahi charge hota because amount directly aapke account se debit hota hai.
Lekin, Credit card ka transaction ek tarah ka loan hai aur isme amount pay karne ki ek due date (aakhiri tareekh) hoti hai. Jo amount aapne Credit card se spend kara hai, usko agar aap due date tak vapas nahi karte hain to aapko ek interest charge hota hai jo ki bahut zyada hota hai (1.5% – 3% per month yaani 20% – 40% per year). Iske alawa due date tak payment nahi karne pe penalty bhi lag sakti hai.
Isiliye credit card ka istamaal kaafi carefully karne ki jarurat hoti hai and bills hamesha time pe pay karna sahi rehta hai.
Point 3: Debt ke Chances
Because aap Debit card se utna hi kharcha karte hain jitna aapke account me balance hota hai, yaha Debt (karz) ka chance nahi hota. Lekin kyonki aapke paas Credit card me “Pay Later” ka option hai and chances are aapka zyada spend karne ka man bhi kar sakta hai, Credit card usage me aapke Debt ke chances badh jaate hain which is why yeh suggest kiya jaata hai ki agar aap apne expenses (kharche) ko manage karna chahte hain ya financially thode se atke hue hain, tab Credit card ko prefer na karein.
Point 4: Rewards aur Benefits
Credit card se jab jab aap transaction ya shopping karte hain, tab tab aapko rewards (inaam) and points jaise kayi benefits milte hain. Alag alag credit cards mein ye points alag hote hain; in points ko use karke koi cashback, koi gift voucher ya koi aur cheez li ja sakti hai. Points aur available inaam ki details generally bank ke website pe milti hai. Aise benefits aapko Debit cards me generally nahi milte.
Point 5: Credit Score
Credit card me aap har transaction par ek credit history build karte ho jo aapka credit score badhaati hai jise CIBIL score ke naam se bhi jaana jaata hai. Agar aap apne dues payment me Default karte hai yani time par clear nahin karte ya dete hi nahin hain, to aapka CIBIL score kam ho jaata hai. Accha CIBIL score hone se aapko future me kisi bhi bank se koi loan, jaise Home Loan, Vehicle Loan etc., milne me aasani rehti hai. On the other hand, Debit card me credit score ka feature nahi hota hai.
Point 6: Fraud ka Risk
Vaise to har online transaction me fraud (dhokha) ka risk rehta hai, yeh risk Debit cards me zyada hota hai. Simply because Credit card me aapke apne funds (aapka amount) us time involve nahi hote.
Agar aapka debit card ya credit card kho jaata hai ya chori ho jaata hai – aapko immediately usko block karana jaruri hai. Aap bank ko call kar sakte hain apna card block karane ke liye aur bank ye card block karke aapko ek naya card issue kar sakti hai. Agar koi fraud hui hai toh aapko wo bank ko immediately report karna hota hai. Fraud hone pe generally banks aapko nearest Police Station visit karke ek complaint likhane ko bhi bolte hain. Aisa karne se aap apne account ko protect to karte hi hai, but sath hi fraudulent transaction yaani dhokhe se hui transactions ko reverse karne ke chances bhi badhaate hain.
Point 7: ATM Withdrawal Interest
Let’s say aapko Cash ki zaroorat padti hai aur aapke paas Debit and Credit Cards dono hai. Paas me ek ATM bhi hai. Aisi situation me dono cards aapki help kar sakte hai ATM se amount nikaalne me. Lekin, Credit card se transaction par day one se interest charge hoga. Debit card par aisi koi cash withdrawal fee nahi charge hogi.
Also, dono Debit aur Credit Cards ke lie ATM withdrawal ki ek daily limit (paabandi) hoti hai.
Point 8: Emergency Funds
Hume pata hai ki Debit card transactions me humare paas jitna amount saved hota hai usi me se hum withdraw kar sakte hain. Although, Debit card hume debt se bachata hai, Emergency situations me agar humare paas utna amount saved nahi hota, to hum Debit card use nahi kar sakte.
In situations pe hum credit card se transact kar sakte hain (specified limit tak). Is tareeke se credit card hamesha emergency fund requirement ke time pe bhi use ho sakti hai.
Point 9: EMI on Credit Card spend
Kyunki ham credit card ke jariye bank/ financial institution se borrow kar rahe hain, kaafi baar ye hume ek EMI ka bhi option deti hain. Iska matlab ye hota hai ke hum apne due bill ko EMI mein covert kar sakte hain. Is EMI ka rate generally kaafi high hota hai (jaise ki 1.5%-2% per month ya 18%-24% per year). Emergency ke time pe ye facility use kara ja sakta hai.
Point 10: Account Statement
Debit card ke lie koi separate bill ya statement nahi aati. Debit card ke transactions bank account statement ke sath merge (mil) ho jaati hain. Credit card transactions ke lie month-end me ek separate statement aati hai jisme aapke Credit card se hui transactions ki saari details hoti hain.
Conclusion:
Agar aap ATM se amount withdraw kar rahe hain ya fir aap apne finances better manage karna chahte hain, tab Debit card use karna better rehta hai. On the other hand, agar aap online/shopping me spend kar rahe hain ya emergency situation me hain, tab Credit card ek better option rehta hai.
Disclaimer:
Dono Debit aur Credit Card ke pros and cons hain. Koi bhi decision lene se pehle dono ke advantages and disadvantages ko dhyan se padhe, research kare, benefits dekhe, aur apne requirements ke according decision le.
