Madhumakhi palan ek aisa business hai jo ki farming se juda hua hai. Pehle ke time mein Bahut logo ko Madhumakhi palan ke baare mein aache se pata nahin tha lekin ab ye bahut hi munafa wala business maane jaana laga hai. Kuch cheezein jaise ki kya hota hai Madhumakhi palan,(bee farming in hindi),Madhumakhi palan kaise karein,laagat,isme kamai kitni hai aur bhi bahut saari cheezein iss article mein bataein jaengi.
Iss article mein hum aapko bataenge
Madhumakhi palan ke fayde(Honey ki demand aur fayde)
Madhumakhi palan se judi Jaruri jaankari
Madhumakhi palan kya hota hai?
Madhumakhi ko large scale mein commercial purpose ke liye rakhna aur usse agriculture business se jodhne ko hum Madhumakhi palan kehte hai. Iss business ki madad se hum lakhon mein kama sakte hai. Iss business mein aachi profit kamane ke liye jyada paiso ki jarurat nahin padti. Madhumakhi palan mein India duniya mein 5th place par aata hai. India mein bahut saari institutes hai jo ki iss business par dhyan de rahe hai aur iss business ko badhane ki koshish karrahe hain.
Rearing of honey bees ko hum Apiculture kehte hai. Apiculture or bee keeping business mein human being (beekeeper) aur madhumakhi ke beech ek strong relationship honi jaruri hai. Jaise ki sab jaante hai ki madhumakhi junglee savbhav (wild nature) ki hoti hai aur unhe aache se rakhna bahut muskil hosakta hai agar aapko unke baare mein aache se nahin pata hoga toh. Apiculture sikhna jyada muskil nahin hota aur iss business mein profit bhi kaafi hai.
Pehle ke time mein bee farming hilly region mein ki jaati thi lekin ab aur bhi bahut se states mein ki jaati hai jaise ki Uttar pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Southern Rajasthan, Punjab, Tamil Nadu. Iss business mein kamai kaafi hai aur mehnat bhi kam hai isiliye aajkal iss business ki demand badhti jaa rahi hai.
Madhumakhi palan ke fayde
Madhumakhi palan ek aisa business hai jismein ki honey production ke alawa bhi bahut saare dusre ways se hum business kar sakte hai aur abhi ke time mein ye kaafi sahi busniess maana jata hai:-
- Bee farming ke sath aur bhi bahut saari agriculture ki business kar sakte hai jaise ki sarso ke khet mein bee farming karna bahut hi faydemand maana jata hai kyonki dono business ek dusre se related hai.
- Bee farming se humein honey ke alawa aur bhi bahut se products mil sakte hai jaise ki bee wax, parag aur royal jelly aur inn mein se bahut si cheezein medicinal use mein bhi aati hai.
- Sabse aachi baat ye hai ki bee farming se pollution nahin hota.
- Bahut saare aise farms ya land hoti hai jahan par agriculture nahin kiya jaa sakta kyonki bahut baar khet ki jameen banjar (unfertile land) ho jaati hai lekin bee farming banjar jameen par bhi kiya jaa sakta hai.
- Dusre business ki tarah jisme ki kaafi laagat lagti hai iss business mein bahut kam lagat se bhi hum shuru kar sakte hai.
- Madhumakhi palan business se hum aachi margin mein profit bhi kama sakte hai aur nuksaan hone ki bhi kam chance hote hai.
- Honey ek aisa sweetener hai jiski demand aur use bahut hi jyada hai. Food products banane mein bhi iske uses hai aur medicinal uses bhi bahut jyada hai. Blood pressure maintain krna, better digestion, cancer aur heart disease prevent karna aur bhi bahut saare faayde hai honey ke.
Madhumakhi palan se judi jaruri jaankari
- Training aur Course karein
Bee farming ke liye humein iss farming ke baare mein aache se jaankari honi bahut jaruri hai. Ab training leni kaafi important hoti hai kyunki training aur course ke madhyam se hum saari cheezon ko aache se samajh sakte hai aur phir apply bhi kar sakte hai. Courses hum Krishi Vigyan Kendra se bhi kar sakte hai aur aajkal toh sarkar ne bhi bahut saare schemes nikal diye hai taki iss business ko promote karne ke liye. Government ki website pe jaake inn courses ke baare mein jaankari ke liye yaha click kare. Business ko acche se samajhne ke liye aap kisi beekeeper ke paas se bhi sikh sakte hai.
- Season
Iss business ke liye humein konse time pe farming karni hai yeh bahut jaruri hojata hai kyunki jitna suitable season utna hi aacha output milega. November se leke March tak sabse aacha aur jyada output milta hai aur wahi iss time ke alawa utna jyada output nahin milta aur madhumakhi ko cheeni ya mishri ka khanna bhi dena padta hai.
- Location
Location bhi bahut bada role play karta hai bee farming business mein. Humein aisi jagah chaiye hogi jahan moisture nahin ho balki jagah sukhi honi chaiye. Jagah aisi bhi honi chaiye jahan pe jyada se jyada pedh (trees) ho. Bagh (flower gardens) hona bhi jaruri hain taaki madhumakhi unse ras le sakein jaise ki sunflower ke flowers, fruits trees jaise ki guava, oranges, grapes etc.
- Bee-Human relationship
Iss business mein bee-human relationship ko samajhna aur acche se maintain karke rakhna bahut hi jaruri hota hai. Jabtak aap madhumakhi ke behaviour ko samajh kar unhe acche se nahin rakhenge aur unki jaruratoon ka kayal nahin rakhenge tab tak aap iss business mein aache se tarakki nahin kar payenge. Isske liye aap kisi beekeeper ke saath kaam karke bhi samajh sakte hai ki kaise sabkuch hota hai.
- Bechne ki market (Sale )
Agar aap acche level par madhumakhi palanpe karte ho toh aapko apne products ke liye market dhundna padhega jahan pe aap sahi price pe apne products ko beech sakhein. Isske liye aap badhe restaurants aur company se contact karke apna link bana sakte hai aur sahi price pe beech sakte hai. Medicines, bakeries aur restaurants Honey ka bahut badha market hai.
- Honey bee farm
Honey bee farm setup karte samay humein kuch cheezon ko aache se dhyan mein rakhna hoga jaise ki:
- Paani ka source fresh aur natural hona chaiye kyunki gande paani se dikat hosakti hai.
- Pedho ki sankhya jyada honi chaiye jissi ki chaav (shade) toh mile hi aur garmi se rahat mile saath hi saath oxygen ki bhi kami na ho.
- Farm ke area mein jyada moisture nahin hona chaiye.
Types of Bee Farming
Madhumakhi palan ki bahut hi purani history hai. Honey log bahut time se use karte aarahe hai. Purane time mein bhi honey ki kaafi demand thi lekin uss time modern techniques na hone ke karan bee farming ke aur tareeko ka pata nahi tha. Madhumakhi palan ke two types sabse famous hai jaise ki:
- Traditional Honey bee farming
- Modern Bee farming
Traditional Bee farming
Purane time mein log honey nikalne ke liye modern techniques use nahin karte the. Pehle ke time mein honey “chhattas” se nikala jata tha aur ye chhatta bhi har jagah nahin hote the. Ye adiktar mitti ke gharon mein aur pedho mein hote the. Inko nikalane ke liye pehle ke time mein madhumakhi ko aag se hataya jaata tha nahin toh squeeze karke nikala jaata tha. Isse humein shudh honey nahin mil pati isse humein gandee honey milti hai jisse ki iski bhaw bhi kam milti hai.
Modern Bee farming
Bee farming mein modern techniques ka use karna iss business ke liye bahut faydemand maana jaane laaga hai. Iske dwara hum honey ka jyada utpaadan (produce) kar sakte hai aur jyada munafa kama sakte hai. Modern technique ki wajah honey kaafi shudh aur saaf milta hai aur iska market mein price bhi jyada milta hai.
Honey production ki ek uchit prakriya hoti hai. Prakriya kuch iss tarah hai:
- Saari jaankari aur training lene ke baad aapko iss business ke liye madhumakhi ke dabbe (boxes) kharidane honge jismein se aap honey hone ke baad nikal sakhenge.
- Aapko boxes ko rakhne ke liye sahi location dhundna hoga jahan phoole aur chhav ho.
- Season ka time November se April hota hai aur uss time aache se farming karne se accha profit ho sakta hai.
- Aapko boxes ko alag alag jagahon pe lejana hoga taki jyada profit kama sakein.
- Madhumakhi ke nature ko samajnna hoga aur off season ke time unhe jinda rakne ke liye aapko cheeni ya misri deni padegi.
- Har box mein kuch 9 se 10 frames hote hai aur har frame se season ke time mein honey nikalta hai aur frames ko humein honey extractor machine mein daalna hota hai jissko rotate karne se honey nikalta hai.
Madhumakhi Colony
Koi bhi bee colony 3 type ke bees se banni hoti hai aur teeno ko mil ke hi sabkuch karna hota hain jisse ki honey production ho paaye hai. Ab teeno type ki bees ke baare mein detail mein jaante hai:
Queen bee: Ek frame mein ek hi queen bee ho sakti hai. Poori colony mein queen bee hi sirf fertile female hoti hai aur saare madhumakhiyaein queen bee ka khayal rakhti hai aur queen bee hi saare eggs deti hai. Jab ek frame mein ek se jyada queen bee hojati hai toh humein dusri quuen bee ko naye frame mein daalna hota hai taki wo ek dusre ko maar na dein.
Female workers bee: Ek colony mein bahut saari female workers bee hoti hai jo ki bahar jaake kaam karti hai aur phoolon se ras laati hai. Ek colony mein lagbhag 30,000 female workers madhumakhiya hoti hai.
Male drones: Male drones bhi bahar jaake kaam nahin karte lekin queen ke saath rehte hain. Ye queen ke saath breeding purpose ke liye rehte hai taaki eggs ki production ho sakein. Yeh bhi colony mein kuch hazaroon ki sankhya mein hote hai.
Laagat
Bee farming ek aisa business hai jisme hum laagat apne anusaar laga sakte hai. Yeh humein khud sochna hoga ki hum kis level ka business kholna chahte hai. Laagat kitni lagegi yeh sabse jyada depend karta hai ki hum madhumakhi ke kitne boxes se yeh business shuru karna chahate hai.
Boxes: Ek madhumakhi box mein 9 se 10 frames hote hai aur har frame se honey nikalta hai. Aap box market se bhi kharid sakte hai ya phir kisi beekeeper se bhi kharid sakte hai. Ek box season ke time pe lagbhag Rs. 2,500-3,000 ke beech aata hai. Aur agar aap 50 boxes se shuru karna chahte hai toh box mein aapke kam se kam Rs. 1,50,000 lag jaenge. Yeh box aapko frame aur madhumakhi dono ke saath milta hai aapko frames aur madhumakhi alag se leni ki jarurat nhi hai.
Honey Extractor Machine: Iske baad aapko frame se honey nikalne ke liye machine bhi chahiye hogi. 10 frame wali machine jisse aap acche se honey nikal payenge. Yeh aapko lagbag Rs. 5,000 tak ki mil jaegi.
Sabse jaruri cheezoon ke baare mein humne aapko upar batadia iske alawa bhi aapko kuch aur equipments ki jarurat padegi mein jaise ki:
- Honey Extractor
- Bee venom Collector
- Smoker
- Food graded plastic made queen cage
- Queen gate
- SS hive tools of L shaped & curved shaped
- SS knives
- Pollen Trap
- Royal Jelly production & extraction Kit
- Thin & thick beekeeping palan brushes
- Iron hive tools of L shaped & curved shaped
- Hive gate
- Propolis Strip
- Queen Excluder
- Queen rearing kit
Upar diye gaye equipments mein sab kuch mila ke lagbhag Rs. 40,000-Rs.60,000 lag jaenge.
| S. No. | Product | Quantity | Price (Rs.) | Total Cost (Rs.) |
| 1. | Bee Boxes | 50 | 3,000 | 1,50,000 |
| 2. | Other Equipments | —- | 50,000 | 50,000 |
| Total Investment | Rs. 2,00,000 (lagbhag) |
Madhumakhi palan business mein agar aap 50 boxes se start karte hai toh total investment lagbhag
Rs. 2,00,000 tak ho jaegi aur agar aap bade level pe business start karna chahte hai toh aapko investment badhani padegi.
Profit(Munafa)
Madhumakhi palan ek aisa business hai jisme profit margin kaafi jyada hota hai aur ismein aap kaafi kam samay mein accha profit kama sakte ho. Aapka profit depend karta hai ki aap ek box se kitna honey produce kar paate ho.
(1) Ek saal mein aap ek box se 50-80 kg tak honey nikal sakte ho aur market mein aapko har kilo ka Rs. 100-120 tak mil jaega. Iska matlab hai ki agar aap 50 boxes se apna business start karte hai to aap Rs.2,50,000 – Rs. 4,00,000 tak kama sakte hai.
(2) Upar diye gaye point me kamai sirf honey se batae gayi hai. Iske alawa aap wax, venom, propolis aur royal jelly se bhi profit kama sakte ho. Innki demand kaafi jyada hoti hai aur yeh market mein kaafi mehenge bhi bikte hai.
(3) Ek saal ki duration ke baad aapki madhumakhiyon ki sankhya bhi double hosakti hai jisse aap market mein bhi bech ke a cha khaasa profit kama sakte ho.
Inn sab cheezon ko mila ke aap ek saal mein kam se kam Rs 2,00,000- Rs.3,00,000 ki profit kama sakte ho agar aap ye business chote level se bhi start karte hai.
Government Loans
Agar aap iss business ko start karna chahte ho lekin aapke paas capital nahin hai aur aap loan lene ka soch sakte ho toh government ki madad se aap kuch loan le sakte ho. Nationalised banks se aap 2 se 5 lakhs tak ki loan le sakte ho agar aap ye business shuru karna chahte ho toh. Ek toh governments inn businesses ko aage badhana chahti hai aur inn businesses mein profit bhi jyada hoti jisse ki baad mein loan wapas karne mein dikat nahin ho. Ye business SSI category ke under aata hai aur aap aasani se loan paa sakte ho. Loan se judi jyada jaankari ke liye aap humare business ke liye loan blog ko bhi padh sakte hai.
Honey Business ke Government Schemes aur Guidelines ke liye click kare
Hum umeed karte hai ki humne aapko madhumakhi palan se judi saari jaankari di ho lekin phir bhi agar aapko koi bhi doubt ho toh aap comment section mein jaa ke comment karke humse puch sakte ho.
